The Way Illusionists Are Able to Misdirect Spectators

In theatrical magic, misdirection is an art of deceit where the performer is able to draw attention of the audience to one thing to distract it from the other. Controlling attention of the audience is the main goal of any theatre, and is the primary prerequisite for all magic shows. If the magic is of the "pocket trick" variety or the stage is a major production misdirection is the main element. The term is used to describe either the result (the observer's focus on the unimportant object) or the sleight-of-hand or the patter (the magician's speech) which creates it.

It is difficult to say who coined the term, but the first reference to misdirection can be found in the writings of an influential performer and author, Nevil Maskelyne. it is a method of distracting the senses of the audience in order to screen from being aware of certain information that require secrecy. The same time, the magician, artist and author Harlan Tarbell noted, Nearly all the art of sleight of hand depends on the art of misdirection.

Many magicians who have researched and evolved misdirection techniques include Max Malini, Derren Brown, Tommy Wonder, Juan Tamariz, Slydini, and Dynamo.

Henry Hay describes the chief act of conjuring as a manipulating interest.

Many magicians can divert attention from the audience by using two fundamental ways. One causes the audience to glance away for a brief moment, so that they do not notice a trick or movement. Another approach alters the perception of the audience, lulling the audience into believing that something else has much to do with the performance even though it has no bearing on the outcome in any way. Fitzkee explains that the real talent of the magician is in the talent that he displays in manipulating the minds of the viewers. Additionally, sometimes a prop such as the magic wand can aid in the misdirection.

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Misdirection makes use of the limitations of the human mind to present a false image and memory. The brain of an average person in the audience can only concentrate on one thing at a time. The magician makes use of this to influence the viewers' thoughts or perceptions of sensory input which leads them to incorrect conclusion.

Magicians have debated the meaning of the term, "misdirection," causing many discussions regarding what it is and how it operates.

The accomplished illusionist Jon Finch

made a distinction between misdirection and direction. The first is a negative phrase, and the other positive. Ultimately, he equates the two as the same thing. If a performer some means, has directed the thoughts of the viewers to believe that he did something which he has not done, he's wrongly led them to believe this which is why he has misdirected them.

Tommy Wonder has pointed out that it is much more effective, from the magician's point of view, to concentrate on the purpose of directing attention to the audience. He states that misdirection is the wrong direction. It suggests that attention is diverted away from something. When we keep using this term, it eventually becomes so ingrained in our minds that we may begin to see misdirection as taking our attention away from rather than towards something.

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Slydini explained that if a magician believes it, the audience will believe it and magic is something they don't see. Misdirection is true when they accept what the magician says and then follow the magician. more info on misdirection

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